de Broglie hypothesis According to de-Broglie, a wave is always associated with every moving particle. This wave...
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Compton Effect (Quantum nature of light) Compton effect was discovered by A.H. Compton. When a beam of...
Planck’s Radiation Law This is application of Bose-Einstein statistics. According to quantum theory, the radiant energy occurs...
Maxwell Boltzmann Statistics It is applied to distinguishable particles. Particles are distinguishable from each other. Each cell...
Thomson’s parabola method Positive ray analysis This method is used to find the charge to mass ratio....
Chromatic aberration and its reduction Aberration The spherical surfaces and lenses are used to create the images...
Maxwell’s Equations Maxwell’s equations for vacuum These equations form the foundation of electromagnetic theory. These equations in...
Photo electric effect Photo electric effect When light or E.M. radiation of suitable frequency or wavelength falls...
Introduction of quantum mechanics Newton’s law of mechanics are based on the elementary idea of physics or...
X-ray spectra X-rays X-rays were discovered by a German physicist Wihelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895 during the...
